Abstract

Mohan B. H.*, Ganesh N. S., J. Adlin Jino Nesalin and Vineeth Chandy

ABSTRACT

Nano-cocrystals combine the advantages of co-crystallization and nanotechnology to enhance the solubility, dissolution, bioavailability and stability of poorly soluble drugs. These nanoscale crystalline structures, consisting of an API and a coformer, improve drug absorption without altering pharmacological properties. Preparation methods include top-down approaches like high-pressure homogenization and milling, as well as bottom-up techniques such as anti-solvent precipitation and spray drying. Characterization using DSC, IR spectroscopy and microscopy ensures precise evaluation. Nano-cocrystals offer promising applications in oral and intravenous drug delivery, addressing challenges like poor solubility and frequent dosing. In anti-diabetic drug formulations, they enhance dissolution and controlled release, improving therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance. Additionally, targeted nano-cocrystals in cancer therapy improve drug stability and overcome chemotherapy resistance. Despite challenges in production, scalability and regulatory approval, nano- cocrystals represent a transformative approach in modern drug delivery.