Abstract

Dr. Happy Malani, Dr. Rahul Modi, Dr. Krutika Patel*, Dr. Kinjal Chuadhary

ABSTRACT

Background: Thyroid disorders are the most common endocrine disorders worldwide, including India. FNAC (Fine needle aspiration cytology) is considered one of the best initial diagnostic investigation and screening test in the evaluation of thyroid gland lesions, which is a safe, simple, minimally invasive, readily available, reliable, rapid and an easy to perform outdoor procedure. The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) is a six-category system of thyroid cytopathology reporting. These include nondiagnostic, Benign, Atypia of Undetermined Significance, follicular neoplasm, Suspicious for malignancy and Malignant. Each category has an implied cancer risk, which ranges from 0% to 3% in the benign category and 100% in the malignant category. This study conducted in department of pathology, at Government Medical College, Surat, aims to study cytomorphological features of various lesions of thyroid gland and classify them according to TBSRTC, correlate these with histopathological findings whenever possible. Result: FNAC was performed on total 270 patients. M: F ratio was 1: 8. TBSRTC categories includes 4.5% nondiagnostic, 87.00% Benign, 3.70% Atypia of undetermined significance, 1.80% Follicular Neoplasm, 1.50% Suspicious for malignancy and 1.50% Malignant. Subsequent histopathological correlation was possible in 12 cases. Conclusion: The true strength of FNAC lies in its synergy with TBSRTC, which allows for the rapid and reliable assessment of thyroid nodules with high accuracy and high sensitivity, offering clinicians the ability to make decisions regarding the need for further diagnostic tests, follow-up care, or surgical intervention.