Abstract

Sangeetha P., *Lally Hanna Luke

ABSTRACT

The risk of dehydration among farmers is high due to increased exposure to hot environmental conditions. This study aims to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with dehydration among farmers and evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition education program on hydration and healthy eating practices. The study included 73 farmers (40 males, 33 females) aged 18 to 90 years. Data on participants’ demographics, anthropometrics, work environment, physical activity, and hydration practices were gathered. Urine samples were collected to measure urine specific gravity (values >1.020 indicate dehydration). A nutrition education program was conducted to assess the knowledge of the farmers and to create awareness about hydration and a well-balanced diet. The findings highlight that the prevalence of dehydration among farmers was 24.6 percent. Risk factors associated with dehydration include inadequate intake of water (less than 2 litres/day), excessive physical activity, medical conditions such as hypertension, increased consumption of caffeine and salty foods, lack of access to shade, lack of pre-work hydration, and excessive sweating. Following the nutrition education program, knowledge on hydration and healthy eating practices among farmers increased. The findings show that farmers are at risk of dehydration, awareness can be improved through proper nutrition education. Farmers are advised to drink enough water, follow a balanced diet, and take breaks in shaded areas. Improving access to clean drinking water and promoting healthy eating habits can help reduce dehydration.