Abstract

Andreea Crețeanu

ABSTRACT

Paclitaxel is a potent anticancer agent that inhibits cell division, employed in oncology and cardiology. In oncology, paclitaxel-eluting coated metal stents are employed to prevent tumor ingrowth, leveraging their anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-angiogenic properties. In cardiology, paclitaxel-eluting stents reduce in-stent restenosis significantly, maintaining arterial patency. Liposomal formulations encapsulate paclitaxel into minuscule carriers, enhancing targeted delivery, pharmacokinetics, and therapeutic effectiveness. Liposomal paclitaxel increases medication concentrations at the target site and has a more potent anti-tumor impact compared to traditional formulations. The amalgamation of paclitaxel with additional medicines, such as sirolimus, in stents may yield synergistic effects in the prevention of restenosis and tumor suppression. Liposomal formulations, when combined with adjunctive drugs, present compelling opportunities for improved accuracy and efficacy in therapies. Liposomal paclitaxel significantly improves targeted drug delivery, offering potential for enhanced outcomes in cancer therapy and cardiovascular interventions, including drug-eluting stents and drug-coated balloons in interventional radiology. New drug delivery systems of the clinical application of Paclitaxel has been fundamentally transformed by advanced delivery technologies that overcome its inherent limitations of poor solubility and systemic toxicity. Nano-Formulation Superiority: Modern nanotechnology, particularly nanocrystals and liposomes, has established a new standard by eliminating toxic solvents such as Cremophor EL. Those carriers enable 100% drug loading and precise targeted delivery, significantly improving the safety-efficacy balance.