Abstract

Ogenyi Samuel Ifedioranma*, Onu June Amara, Okeke Monique Ugochinyere, Madukwe David Uche Promise, Ekenebe Dennis Chimaobi and Obikwue Chukwuemeka

ABSTRACT

The histomorphological and biochemical changes in the kidney and liver of wistar rats treated with Agboiba ponto was evaluated. Twenty-four male and female wistar rats weighing between 150 and 170g were divided into four groups (A-D) six rats each. Different doses of (500mg/kg, 600mg/kg, and 700mg/kg) of aqueous crude extract of Agboiba ponto were administered orally to the rats in groups B to D respectively, for a period of 28 days. Group A (control) received top feed and water only. Blood samples were collected from the rats for serum urea, creatinine, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) estimation, while kidney and liver tissue samples were excised for histological examination. The result, showed dose dependent progressive increase in serum urea and creatinine levels of test animals compared with the control, though not statistically significant. Serum ALT and AST levels progressively decreased from groups A to C but suddenly increased in group D. The histological findings revealed similar trend, the control showed normal histo-morphological architecture while test groups had progressive morphological degeneration ranging from mild histo-architectural distortion of the cortical structures to marked tubular necrosis, moderate-severe chronic inflammatory cell infiltrates and glomerulonephritis and hepatic periportal lymphocytic infiltration. Prolonged administration of higher doses of Agboiba ponto may cause adverse changes in the kidney and liver of wistar rats. Therefore, caution should be observed while usage.