Abstract

Oyero A. B.*, Ekeleme I. K. and Obiekezie S. O.

ABSTRACT

Phytochemical and Antibacterial activity of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Parkia Biglobosa. The antibacterial potential of Parkia Biglobosa, Bark, root and leaf extracts against bacteria isolated from food items. The test bacteria were isolated from food items and identified using standard microbiological methods; ethanol and ethyl acetate were used as solvents in the extraction of the extract from the Bark, root and leaf of Parkia Biglobosa. The phytochemical screening showed that the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts contained tannins, Phenols, Steroids and saponins in varying proportions. The Antibacterial activity of the extract against the test bacteria was determined using cup agar plate method and diameter inhibition zones formed around wells on the agar plates were measured. The mean antibacterial activity of the extracts in vitro showed that the Ethyl acetate extract of leaves was most efficacious at 50mg amount of the concentration inhibiting Salmonella sp (11.02mm), E. coli (14.10mm), Klebsiella sp (18.0mm), Bacillus sp (15.0mm) and S. aureus (13.0mm). The ethanol extract at 12.5mg amount of the concentration inhibited Salmonella sp (7.0mm), E. coli (8.0mm) and Klebsiella sp (10.0mm). The ethyl acetate extract of the Root of P. biglobosa inhibition zone varied from 7.0mm - 21.0 mm against the tested bacteria such as Salmonella sp, E. coli, Klebsiella sp, Bacillus sp and S. aureus. The ethyl acetate Bark extract of P. biglobosa extracts were found to be less efficient than ethanol extracts. This study has revealed that the extract of P. biglobosa contains antibacterial and phytochemical substances which can be harnessed.