Abstract

Navneet Kumar Verma*, Vikas Yadav, Ankur Srivastava, Satendra Kumar3 and Mojahidul Islam

ABSTRACT

Solubility of a drug is an important parameter in the formulation development. Hence various techniques are used for the improvement of the solubility of poorly watersoluble and water insoluble drugs include Particle Size Reduction, Solid Dispersion, Nanosuspension, Supercritical Fluid Technology, Cryogenic Technology, Inclusion Complex Formation Techniques, and Floating Granules etc. The purpose of this review article is to describe the techniques of solubilizaton for the attainment of effective absorption and improved bioavailability. Solubility is the phenomenon of dissolution of solid in liquid phase to give a homogenous system. Solubility is one of the important parameter to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for pharmacological response to be shown. Poorly water soluble drugs often require high doses in order to reach therapeutic plasma concentrations after oral administration. Water is the solvent of choice for liquid pharmaceutical formulations. Most of drugs weakly acidic and weakly basic with poor aqueous solubility. Dendrimers are the novel class of polymer and it is used to enhance the solubility for the delivery of many water insoluble drugs, eg; anticancer, anti-inflammatory etc. Various techniques are used for the enhancement of the solubility of poorly soluble drugs which include micronization, nanonization, sonocrystallization, supercritical fluid method, spray freezing into liquid and lyophilization, evaporative precipitation into aqueous solution, use of surfactant, use of co-solvent, hydrotropy method, use of salt forms, solvent deposition, solubilising agents, modification of the crystal habit, co-crystallisation, complexation and drug dispersion in carriers. Selection of solubility improving method depends on drug property, site of absorption, and required dosage form characteristics.