Abstract

Simarjeet Kaur* and Jaya Verma

ABSTRACT

An exposure that could cause a persistent deformity in an organism’s structure orfunction during the time it is still embryonic or fetal is known as teratogenic. Anymedication can partially or completely pass through the placenta because it is not arigid barrier. One of the most active biological systems is the embryo, wherepharmacological effects are frequently irreversible, in contrast to adulthood. Thiskind of negative impact came into focus during the thalidomide crisis (1958–61),which left thousands of infants with phocomelia (seal-like limby) and other birthproblems. The risk and benefits of pharmaceutical use at the time of pregnancyshould be considered for both the mother and the developing fetus. Certain drugsmay be contraindicated in certain trimesters and taken cautiously in others,depending on the results of the examination. In 2015, The FDA implemented thePregnancy and Lactation Labeling Rule (PLLR) to replace the "A, B, C, D, and X"pregnancy labeling categories, with the goal of improving drug safety classification.Foods and beverages in categories A and B are safe, medications in categories C andD should only be used in dire circumstances or when the potential benefit to thefetus surpasses the potential risk. It is often known that one of the most prevalenteffects of the physical changes that occur during pregnancy is asymptomaticbacteriuria. Antibacterial medication will consequently assist the mother as well asthe infant. As so, the mother receives no direct benefit from the treatment.Antibiotic administration is highly prevalent during pregnancy. It is widely knownthat there is a lot of pharmacoepidemiological research on the prescribing ofmedications during pregnancy. The findings indicated that the only medications thathave been shown to be teratogenic during pregnancy are those used very rarely.Due to the antibiotic's possible risks to the fetus, many pregnant women use extremecaution when taking them. Antibiotics, however, come in a number of classes thatare either contraindicated or allowed with restrictions from being used duringpregnancy and lactation, or both. The increase in pregnant tuberculosis patients canbe attributed to the growing proportion of women of childbearing age. As with anymedication, the main concern when it comes to tuberculosis treatment duringpregnancy is the potential for teratogenicity, particularly in the first trimester. Thisreview describes the teratogenicity and its mechanism, physiological changes occurduring pregnancy and further the use of different antibacterial (Antibiotics,Antitubercular drugs) effects on the fetus.