Abstract

Mamatha S.N.*, Snehalatha, Chethan Patel D.N., Nagaraja T.S. and Yogananda R.

ABSTRACT

Poor solubility is widely acknowledged to be one of the most frequently encountered difficulties in the field of pharmaceutics. When it comes to drug bioavailability, aqueous solubility is one of the most influential factors. Around 40% of all newly discovered chemical entities are lipophilic and fail to reach therapeutic range due to poor water solubility. When administered orally, drugs with low water solubility cause slow dissolution rates, erratic and incomplete absorption, and low bioavailability. Thus, solubility is a critical concept that plays an important role in the formulation of pharmaceuticals. The goal of this review is to discuss various solubility enhancement techniques such as chemical modification, which includes salt formation, co-crystallization, co-solvency, hydrotrophy, nanotechnology and physical modification, which includes particle size reduction, complexation, surfactants, solid dispersions, as well as pH adjustment, supercritical fluid process, liquisolid technique, and polymeric alteration.